Galactic rotation curves, tracing velocities of stars and gas, defy expectations. Dark matter, an elusive substance, explains this anomaly. It pervades galaxies, exerting gravitational influence beyond sight. Mapping its distribution reveals invisible halos shaping curves and accounting for missing mass.Expectations of decreasing velocities from the galactic center shattered. Outer regions displayed unexpectedly high velocities, defying predictions.Scientists proposed dark matter, undetectable by light, as the explanation. It forms a gravitational scaffold within galaxies, influencing rotation. Its existence elegantly accounts for the peculiar behavior of rotation curves.Invisible dark matter extends beyond what our eyes perceive. Observations and simulations map its distribution, revealing massive halos enveloping visible matter. These halos shape rotation curves, providing the missing mass required.Dark matter remains the leading explanation, while alternative theories like Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) propose modified gravity. Alternative theories face challenges in explaining diverse observations. Scientists employ telescopes, simulations, and particle detectors to study rotation curves and search for elusive dark matter particles. The goal is to deepen our understanding of the cosmic web and unravel the mysteries surrounding galactic rotation.Galactic rotation curves captivate with their defiance, driving exploration of dark matter. Answers are sought through meticulous observations and innovative experiments. Unraveling the mysteries encoded in these curves holds the key to comprehending the hidden fabric of our universe.
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